Iontophoresis is generally used for ionic drug delivery via an electric current. This process is known as electromotive drug administration (EMDA). Tap water iontophoresis (TWI) therapy for excessive sweating involves passing a low electric current through the affected body part (usually hands or feet) to shut off the sweat glands. It is not entirely clear why iontophoresis works for palmoplantar hyperhidrosis. One explanation is that the minerals in the water get into a patient's skin and block his or her sweat ducts.
Note that besides hand and feet, armpit sweating can also be treated using iontophoresis (via special conductive attachments placed in the underarms).
The biggest complaint with iontophoresis is that it does not work, or that it stops working every now and again. Below are some tips to ensure the greatest chance at continuous successful iontophoresis therapy.
Update: January 2022 -- A new study suggests that hyperhidrosis patients with excessive hand or feet sweating are more satisfied with results when they receive 20 consecutive sessions (instead of 10 consecutive sessions) of tap water iontophoresis.
The cost of iontophoresis machines has declined significantly in recent years due to increased competition. It is now possible to get a high quality device for less than $500. Manufacturers and vendors often also offer discounts, coupons and special sales event promotional pricing. A prescription is not required to purchase an iontophoresis device. However, if you want to be reimbursed by your insurance company, you will need a prescription. The International Hyperhidrosis Society has a great section on help with getting insurance to cover your iontophoresis machine purchase. They include ICD-10 codes and procedure codes for those in the US.
Below, you will find an alphabetical listing of iontophoresis machines that are used to treat hyperhidrosis. Click on the links for more detailed information about each device, including my personal experiences using the device in some cases. Some of these iontophoresis units are sold used on Ebay or amazon at a more affordable price. Note that not every one of these devices is FDA cleared for sale or marketing in the US.
It is rare for anyone to get serious side effects when treating their hyperhidrosis with an iontophoresis machine. However, it is imperative to use caution each time when using the electricity powered devices. Water should never enter the gaps and crevices or come in contact with the adaptor. If you have any heart problems, epilepsy, or implanted electric devices in your body, do not use these devices before consulting a doctor or dermatologist. Pregnant women should avoid iontophoresis.
Among the common side effects include: